| Category | Key Facts |
|---|---|
| Event | Goa Liberation Day 2025 (observed on 19 December) |
| Significance | Marks liberation from 451 years of Portuguese rule (since 1510). |
| Liberation Year | 1961 (India became independent in 1947, but Goa remained under Portugal). |
| Military Operation | Operation Vijay (18-19 December 1961). |
| Duration of Operation | Less than 48 hours. |
| Casualties | 22 Indian soldiers, ~30 Portuguese soldiers killed. |
| Key Figures | PM Jawaharlal Nehru, Defense Minister V.K. Krishna Menon, Lt. Governor Maj. Gen. K.P. Candeth. |
| Pre-Liberation Struggle | Civil disobedience led by Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia & Dr. Juliao Menezes (1946). |
| Post-Liberation Status | Initially a Union Territory, became India's 25th state on 30 May 1987. |
| Celebrations | Tributes to martyrs, torchlight rallies, cultural events, patriotic programs. |
| Geopolitical Context | Portugal was a NATO member, India avoided escalation but acted after provocations. |
| Key Takeaways | Final end of European colonialism in India, reinforced national unity. |
| Exam Question | Q. Name of the operation that liberated Goa? Ans: (B) Operation Vijay |
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